Butterfly guard, the double-hook system behind Marcelo Garcia's four ADCC titles: origins, mechanics, timing, counters and competition data.
How Roleta's 1996 inverted guard became Cyborg Abreu's Tornado Sweep: mechanics, entry timings, counters and ADCC 2013.
How the Choi Bar inverted armbar was created, its step-by-step mechanics, entry windows, escapes and its record-fast ADCC finish.
Triangle choke origins, step-by-step mechanics, three setups, strengths and limits, escapes, and competition success-rate data.
How the Mendes brothers systemized the Leg Drag: three-stage mechanics, entry windows, counters, and its role in gi and no-gi.
Osoto Gari's origins, step-by-step mechanics, entry timing, counters, and the ACL research showing defending is riskier than attacking.
Marcelo Garcia's signature X-Guard: origin story, step-by-step mechanics, entry timing, counters and the IBJJF knee-reap rule.
The Americana's naming myth debunked, plus step-by-step mechanics, entries, escapes and how often it finishes in modern competition.
Eddie Bravo's Rubber Guard, from the 2003 ADCC upset to Mission Control, entry timing, strengths, counters and Gogoplata safety.
The Ezekiel choke explained: its judo origin, step-by-step mechanics, three entries, escapes, and what the IBJJF rule book actually says.
How Danaher and Gordon Ryan systematized the body lock pass: five movement stages, three entries, escapes, and 2022/2024 ADCC evidence.
How Keenan Cornelius invented Worm Guard in a losing grip battle, its four-step setup, entry timing, limits, and three ways to pass it.
The heel hook's disputed origin, its mechanics and entries, common escapes, plus IBJJF 2021 rules and the ADCC competition record.
Uchi Mata's Kodokan origins, step-by-step mechanics, three entry windows, counters, IBJJF legality and breakfall safety evidence.
Knee Cut Pass breakdown: grips and finishing steps, three entry windows, counters, and knee-loading risk, with full references.
The Berimbolo's contested origin story, five-phase mechanics, entry timing, trade-offs, counters and its place in modern competition.
The D'Arce choke's disputed origin story, four-step mechanics, three entry windows, escapes, and real UFC and ONE finishes.
Origin, three-point hook mechanics, entry timing, strengths and limits, and the main passes and counters for the De La Riva guard.
The history behind the Kimura, its figure-four mechanics, three setups, strengths and limits, standard escapes, and competition data.
How grappling loads the jaw: masseter mechanics, TMD prevalence in combat athletes, mouthguard evidence, jaw-relaxation habits and red flags.
Traction and compression mechanisms behind the BJJ stinger, NFL epidemiology, red flags, and safe return-to-training criteria.
How repeated lumbar extension in BJJ drives pars stress fractures, who is at risk, imaging red flags, and the 3-month bracing and core rehab protocol.
Documented hepatitis B spread in grappling clubs, real hepatitis C and HIV risk, bleeding rules, vaccination, and blood-exposure protocol for BJJ.
BJJ nasal fracture and septal hematoma: impact mechanics, 24–72 hour red flags, the reduction window and a staged return to training.
Why gi grips trigger De Quervain's tenosynovitis: first-compartment mechanics, the Finkelstein test, injection evidence and staged rehab.
Why the BJJ wristlock only finishes when wrist, elbow and shoulder are locked at once: leverage, injury data, IBJJF belt rules and escapes.
How BJJ leglocks and prolonged kneeling compress the common peroneal nerve, plus foot drop red flags and nerve rehab timelines.
Knee biomechanics of the 50/50 guard and reaping, the PLCCALL injury pattern, current IBJJF rule limits, and knee-saving escape strategies.
How open growth plates make youth BJJ athletes mechanically different, what the injury data shows, and how IBJJF age rules limit submissions.
How Achilles ruptures happen in BJJ, how they differ from ankle locks, the red flags to watch, and the evidence-based return-to-mat path.
Female BJJ practitioners show 43.0% concussion prevalence and 2-6x ACL tear risk. Mechanisms, neuromuscular training and cycle-aware programming.
Inguinal hernia vs. sports hernia in BJJ: pubic symphysis load mechanics, key differentiators, and the path back to rolling.
How exertional rhabdomyolysis hits BJJ comebacks: CK thresholds, kidney red flags and a four-phase return-to-training protocol.
Why gi gripping causes tennis and golfer's elbow, why it is degeneration not inflammation, plus an 8-week eccentric rebuild plan.
Torreando pass mechanics, the data behind 93% of white-belt passing and 26% of BJJ injury mechanisms, plus knee-protection training.
Where patellar tendon load really comes from in BJJ, how to test for jumper's knee, and a 12-week heavy slow resistance protocol.
PSQI 7.1 in 175 BJJ athletes, sleep loss hits skill control hardest (SMD −0.87), plus the 1.7x injury risk and a sleep-extension plan.
PubMed data on why BJJ practitioners over 30 get injured most, and how to budget intensity, flexibility and the 72-hour recovery window.
Distal biceps rupture in BJJ: armbar eccentric-load mechanics, the Hook Test self-screen, the 4-week surgical window and return-to-mat data.
How deep hip flexion in BJJ provokes femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears, plus the FADIR self-check, strength plan and rehab.
AC joint separation in BJJ: landing impact mechanics, the six Rockwood grades, surgery vs conservative care, and staged return-to-mat rehab.
PubMed evidence on BJJ oral trauma: injury rates, three mouthguard types compared, the 15-minute avulsion rescue SOP, and dental red flags.
The FOR-to-OTS continuum, BJJ's monotonous-load trap, sRPE and HRV red flags, and a deload-week recovery protocol.
Why barefoot rolling triggers plantar fasciitis: windlass mechanics, first-step pain, red flags, and a high-load heel-raise rebuild protocol.
How the Twister loads the spine with rotational shear, why the IBJJF bans it at every belt, and how to escape the Truck and tap early.
Why BJJ hamstring strains are proximal stretch-type, and how Nordic eccentrics plus Askling L-protocol loading cut recurrence.
BJJ is high-intensity intermittent work: 6:1 work-to-rest, 165 bpm, 11.9 mmol/L lactate. PubMed data plus an interval-first conditioning plan.
A full breakdown of the SJJIF 2026 rules used by ASJJF: scoring, minor and serious fouls, match times, and legal techniques belt by belt.
A full breakdown of IBJJF scoring, advantage points, the penalty ladder, match times, and belt-by-belt legal and banned techniques.
Eye pokes are routine in BJJ. Mat-side first aid for corneal abrasions, medical red flags, contact-lens risk and nail-trimming prevention.
Why BJJ midfoot Lisfranc injuries get missed on normal X-rays, plus staging, red flags and a stage-based return-to-mat protocol.
Thumb UCL tears in BJJ: MCP joint mechanics, Grade I-III staging, Stener lesion surgical red flags, spica taping and an 8-week grip rehab plan.
Why a neck crank is a spinal lock, not a choke: five loading patterns, BJJ spine injury data, the IBJJF ban, escapes and neck training.
Single Leg X sweep leverage, shin-to-shin entry, ashi garami leg-lock threats, the 12-fold heel-hook knee risk, and an 8-week knee plan.
Berimbolo mechanics, the three load sites (neck, hip flexors, passer's knee), the IBJJF knee-reaping rule, and an 8-week program.
How BJJ rotational shear and valgus stress tear the meniscus, the locking red flags to watch, and repair vs meniscectomy return timelines.
Prepatellar bursitis is the most common knee injury in wrestling (21%). Friction mechanics, septic red flags, and knee-pad prevention for BJJ.
How the arm triangle seals both carotids using the opponent's own shoulder, plus three layers of escape and the red flags for when to tap.
How the bicep slicer crushes muscle instead of levering a joint, its nerve risk, the IBJJF brown-belt rule, and a three-layer escape system.
How the crossed lapel grip clamps both carotids, how it differs from the RNC and Ezekiel, a three-layer escape, and when to tap.
Carotid mechanics of the gi-sleeve Ezekiel choke, how it differs from RNC and collar chokes, a three-layer escape, and when to tap.
How the Anaconda's Gator Roll seals both carotids, how it differs from the D'Arce and guillotine, three escape layers, and when to tap.
Why fingers are BJJ's most injured area: pulley and ligament mechanics, four injury types, arthritis evidence, taping and grip training.
How the calf slicer crushes the calf against your own bone, its nerve and knee risks, IBJJF belt rules, escapes and an 8-week block.
How the bow and arrow choke turns the collar into a bowstring: carotid mechanics, the three-layer escape, and when to tap.
Lifetime concussion prevalence in BJJ is 25.2%, yet 30.3% return the same day. Mechanisms, symptoms and a six-stage return protocol.
How the Americana forces the shoulder past its external-rotation limit, why the IBJJF allows it from white belt, and three layers of escape.
How the toe hold twists the ankle and subtalar joints, why its pain lags, IBJJF belt rules, injury data and an 8-week escape program.
How the BJJ straight ankle lock forces plantarflexion past its limit, IBJJF belt rules, injury data and a three-layer escape system.
How the kneebar hyperextends the knee, why its pain signal arrives late, IBJJF belt rules, injury data and a three-layer escape system.
How the D'Arce choke seals both carotids, why it blacks people out in 7-14 seconds, and a three-layer escape system with tap red flags.
How X-Guard topples heavier opponents: force-couple mechanics, the ADCC wrestle-up trend, knee injury data and an 8-week protection program.
Shearing-lever mechanics of the BJJ knee cut, the underhook battle behind 45–75% success rates, plus MCL/meniscus risk and an 8-week program.
Armbar mechanics, its ~19.5% attempt share and ~50% finish rate, MRI-documented UCL injury, three-layer escapes and an 8-week program.
Why BJJ adductor strains happen, what the 0.8 strength ratio means, and how Copenhagen eccentrics and the Hölmich protocol get you back.
Why kesa gatame drops FVC 11–16% and cuts cerebral flow 80–90%, plus a three-engine escape: elbow recovery, bridge, shrimp.
How North-South crushes breathing and feeds the choke, plus a frame-bridge-shrimp escape matrix, red flags and a four-phase drill protocol.
Why ~69% of ADCC back takes start in turtle, how the neck gets loaded, and three escape engines: Granby roll, sit back to guard, wrestle-up.
Carotid compression mechanics of the BJJ rear naked choke: the 8.9-second blackout, three grips, hand-fighting, and a three-layer escape defense.
Why the Omoplata finishes only 12.12% of the time, how its internal-rotation leverage works, and how to harvest sweeps and back takes instead.
De La Riva's three-point tension mechanics, Berimbolo back-take risks, PubMed knee injury data, and an 8-week knee and ankle program.
Side control mechanics, the breathing and grip cost of being pinned, why frames are structure not strength, plus a shrimp-and-bridge escape matrix.
How Spider Guard's three-point tension controls distance, why fingers pay the price, and the grips and training that protect them.
Butterfly guard sweep mechanics, the underhook battle, ADCC wrestle-up data, and the 27.1% knee injury bill on your hooking leg.
Closed guard posture-breaking mechanics, sweep and submission data, plus the 27.1% knee injury bill and how to train against it.
Why the guillotine finishes only 9.52% in jiu-jitsu yet ranks second in MMA: choke mechanics, blackout physiology, neck risk and escapes.
Why a carotid blood choke knocks you out in 5-10 seconds: EEG and cerebral blood flow evidence, long-term risks, and when to tap.
Half guard fills ~45% of BJJ match time. IBJJF/ADCC stats on the underhook battle, dogfight sweeps, pressure and knee cut passing, plus injury risk.
PubMed evidence on BJJ hip mobility: PNF adds 26.8% ROM in 4 weeks vs 7.5% for static stretching, plus self-tests and a 10-minute routine.
Identify and treat the three big BJJ mat infections, ringworm, MRSA and HSV-1, with NCAA return-to-mat rules and a gym hygiene SOP.
77.6% of BJJ injuries happen in sparring. A 15-minute RAMP warm-up routine that cuts acute injury rate by 36%.
Pre-match cortisol rises 2.7x and HRV shifts 3.8x sympathetic. The physiology, cognitive vs somatic anxiety, and a 72-hour protocol.
KOB pressure mechanics, breathing restriction, the mirror shrimp escape, a posture-based decision matrix, and rib-injury red flags.
100% of BJJ practitioners are poor sleepers by PSQI. A PubMed-based 48-hour protocol for sleep, nutrition and soft-tissue recovery.
The physics of the Upa bridge and the shrimp, a five-scenario timing matrix, and rib, shoulder and cervical red flags under mount.
Takedowns cause 26.4% of BJJ competition injuries. Neck landing mechanics, ukemi, the guillotine trap and a four-layer defense.
PubMed data on how one BJJ match drains 16% of grip strength, why gi hang endurance separates elite from amateur, and how to train it.
PubMed evidence on BJJ rapid weight loss: the 5% safety threshold, IBJJF same-day gi weigh-in risks, a 72-hour cut plan and rehydration protocol.
RCT evidence on why rolling alone caps your strength, plus BJJ energy systems and prescriptions for strength, grip, intervals and recovery.
A five-tier risk map of BJJ leg locks, from ankle locks to inside heel hooks, with knee mechanics, rule logic, gym safety protocols and rehab.
Shoulder biomechanics, figure-four leverage, five entry points and gi vs no-gi data behind the Kimura Trap, plus an 8-week program.
Why back control is BJJ's checkmate position: RNC finish data from IBJJF, ADCC and the UFC, seatbelt mechanics, escape windows and an 8-week plan.
IBJJF/ADCC data on 10 guard passes: 0.2 passes per match, 99.6% win rate after passing, plus black-belt chains and counters.
IBJJF data, carotid physiology and the 45° angle rule behind the triangle choke, plus 5 variations, 4 escape windows and a strength plan.
Heel hook mechanics explained: the 40-50 degree tibiofemoral rotation limit, ACL/LCL failure sequence, a 12-fold knee injury risk, and 5 gym red lines.
PubMed evidence on BJJ ACL tears: four injury mechanisms, heel hook's 12x risk, graft choice, and a 9-month return-to-rolling protocol.
80.6% of BJJ practitioners have chronic low back pain. Mechanisms, differential diagnosis, red flags and an 8-week core stability rehab protocol.
Thoracic anatomy, knee-on-belly and body triangle mechanics, injury differentiation, PEACE acute care and an 8-week BJJ rib rehab protocol.
Carpal anatomy, four BJJ wrist injury mechanisms, why scaphoid fractures are missed, TFCC management and an 8-week rehab protocol.
PubMed evidence on BJJ ankle ligament injuries: anatomy, three injury mechanisms, sprain grading, PEACE care and an 8-week return-to-mat plan.
PubMed evidence on armbar elbow hyperextension: UCL and flexor tendon damage, lever mechanics, the 45° blind spot, and an 8-week rehab protocol.
Why BJJ causes cauliflower ear, the four riskiest positions, the 48-hour treatment window, drainage recurrence rates, and headgear choices.
Shoulder injuries are 13% of all BJJ injuries and top the dislocation list. Mechanisms, grading, self-tests, prevention and rehab.
First MTP sprain in BJJ: injury mechanism, three-grade classification, illustrated KT and Mulligan taping, and staged rehab timelines.
C5-C6 loading mechanics behind BJJ neck injuries, four injury mechanisms, acute care, a three-phase rehab protocol and an 8-week prevention block.
Knees are 25% of all BJJ injuries and the MCL 38% of those. Mechanisms, high-risk techniques, three-phase rehab and prevention.
How gi grips injure the A2 pulley and PIP joint in BJJ, plus a step-by-step H-taping guide and long-term prevention.
How Gi and No-Gi winning submissions evolved from 2002 to 2025, with interactive charts and an ensemble-model forecast for 2026.
Toe-by-toe analysis of BJJ foot injuries from 12 PubMed papers: turf toe, plantar plate tears, Jones fractures and taping prevention.
YR Sports Lab